![]() ![]() Most stepwells are found dotted around the desert areas of Gujarat (where they are called vav) and Rajasthan (where they are known as baori), while a few also survive in Delhi. During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure, of relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest castes. Unique to the region, stepwells are often architecturally complex and vary widely in size and shape. However, the significance of this invention – the stepwell – goes beyond its utilitarian application. Richard Cox travelled to north-western India to document these spectacular monuments from a bygone era.ĭuring the sixth and seventh centuries, the inhabitants of the modern-day states of Gujarat and Rajasthan in North-western India developed a method of gaining access to clean, fresh groundwater during the dry season for drinking, bathing, watering animals and irrigation. Although many have been neglected, recent restoration has returned them to their former glory. StepwellsĪ millennium ago, stepwells were fundamental to life in the driest parts of India. You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.
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